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Database Mail Architecture in SQL SERVER
SMTP Server Details Hotmail SMTP server name: smtp.live.com Port number: 587 Gmail SMTP server name: smtp.gmail.com Port number: 587 Yahoo SMTP server name: smtp.mail.yahoo.com Port number : 25 AOL SMTP server name: smtp.aol.com Port number : 587 Database...
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SQL SERVER Log shipping:
Log shipping: Shipping the transnational log backups from one server (Primary) to another server (Secondary) SQL Server Log shipping allows you to automatically send transaction log backups from a primary database on a primary server instance to one or...
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SQL SERVER Error 4064
SQL Error 4064 Issue Description : Each user has a default database. When you connect to computer that is running Microsoft SQL Server, and you do not specify a login database, the default database is used. However, if the default database is unavailable...
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What is the difference between FUNCTION, PROCEDURE AND PACKAGE in PL/SQL?
What is the difference between FUNCTION, PROCEDURE AND PACKAGE in PL/SQL? Function: The main purpose of a PL/SQL function is generally to compute and return a single value. A function has a return type in its specification and must return a value specified...
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SQL SERVER DBA_ SQL SERVER ARCHITECTURE
SQL Server Architecture SQL Server architecture is mainly divided into different components i.e. SNI Protocol Layer, Relational Engine, Storage Engine, Buffer Pool. Majorly classified as two main engines: Relational Engine and the Storage engine. SNI...
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Oracle 11g Architecture
1. What is the Oracle Architectural components ? Oracle Architectural components segregated in two parts - Physical & Logical layer. The physical layer consists of files that reside on the disk, the components of the logical layer map the data to these...
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Sql server TATA technology Questions
1. EXPLAIN CONSTRAINTS? 2.WHAT IS CHECK CONSTRAINT? WHEN YOU USE THAT? 3.DEFINE VIEW? DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHERE CLAUSE AND HAVING CLAUSE? 5.WHAT IS INDEX USE OF INDEXES? 6.WHAT IS TOP CLAUSE? 5.WHAT IS WILD CARD EXPLAIN? 7.GOALS OF NORMALIZATION? DIFFERENCE...
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sql dba TRACE FLAGS
TRACE FLAGS: -d : fully qualified path of datafile -e : error file -l : log file -c: quick start of instance than regular process -m : sinle user mode -s : sqlserver.exe -n : start instance name then the information will not trace in event viewer -t :refereing...
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sql server Fragmentation:
Fragmentation: Storing data non-contiguously on disk or page is known as fragmentation. 2 types: 1. Internal fragmentation 2. Extrenal fragmentation 1. Internal fragmentation: When records are stored non-contiguously inside the page, then it is called...
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How to REBUILD all indexes in database with FILLFACTOR?
xecute the following Microsoft SQL Server T-SQL database administration script in SSMS Query Editor to REBUILD all indexes in the AdventureWorks2008 sample database. -- SQL Server 2008 script to REBUILD all indexes for all tables USE AdventureWorks2008;...
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What is the cluster node limitation?
What is the cluster node limitation? The number of allowable nodes in the SQL Server cluster depends on your SQL Server version and your Windows Server version. For SQL Server 2008 Standard edition, you can only have two cluster nodes. If you have SQL...
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What is the option ”Lock Pages in Memory”? in sql server
What is the option ”Lock Pages in Memory”? Ans: Lock Pages in Memory is a setting that can be set on 64-bit operating systems that essentially tell Windows not to swap out SQL Server memory to disk. By default, this setting is turned off on 64-bit systems,...
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What are the main events and columns helpful in troubleshooting performance issues using profiler?
What are the main events and columns helpful in troubleshooting performance issues using profiler? Ans: Events: Event Group: Performance Event: ShowPlan_ALL (BinaryData column must be selected) Event: ShowPlan_XML Event Group: T-SQL Event: SQL:BatchStarted...
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ORACLE DBA INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
Q: What are the Oracle Background Processes? A: The Oracle Background Processes are programs or tasks that run on the Oracle background such as log writers, db writers, archives, checkpoint, etc. Q: Describe the V$BGPROCESS view. A: The V$BGPROCESS view...
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INDEXS IN SQL SERVER
clustered index --------------- datapages store into leaf level nodes only one clustered index for table (data arrange physically only one way) good performance not allow duplicates If we create primary key on table on any key column then automatically...
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TRIGGERS
A trigger is an database object which executes automatically in response to a an on a particular table in a database. the event can be insert , update or delete. Triggers are stored programs, which are automatically executed or fired when some events...
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Plsql Collection Methods
Collection Methods A collection method is a built-in PL/SQL subprogram that returns information about a collection or operates on a collection. Collection methods make collections easier to use, and make your applications easier to maintain. You invoke...
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Bulk Binds in Oracle
Bulk Binds Bulk binding decreases context switch between PL/SQL engine and SQL Engine that makes code execution faster. Context switch occurs every time when PL/SQL calls SQL engine to parse, execute or fetch from cursor. Since context switching uses...
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SAVE EXCEPTIONS and SQL%BULK_EXCEPTION
SAVE EXCEPTIONS and SQL%BULK_EXCEPTION We saw how the FORALL syntax allows us to perform bulk DML operations, but what happens if one of those individual operations results in an exception? If there is no exception handler, all the work done by the current...
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Bulk Binds and Triggers
Bulk Binds and Triggers For bulk updates and deletes the timing points remain unchanged. Each row in the collection triggers a before statement, before row, after row and after statement timing point. For bulk inserts, the statement level triggers only...
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triggers & integrity constraints
diff between triggers & integrity constraints? Constraint Vs Trigger Constraints will check for existing rows also Triggers will not check for existing rows Constraints provide standard error messages Triggers provide user friendly error messages Constraints...
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Advantages REFCURSOR
Advantages REFCURSOR 1. Ref Cursor it self is a data type and easy to declare 2. More flexible because it is not tied to a specific query 3. Easily pass as arguments from subroutine to subroutine. 4. Very handy in transferring data between multi-language...
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Difference between Primary Key & Foreign Key
Difference between Primary Key & Foreign Key Primary Key Primary key uniquely identify a record in the table. Primary Key can't accept null values. By default, Primary key is clustered index and data in the database table is physically organized in the...
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of merge replication?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of merge replication? Advantages It provides built-in and custom conflict resolution capabilities. It allows for the synchronization of data from multiple tables at one time. It provides rich data replication...
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What's Deadlock
What's Deadlock Deadlock is a unique situation in a multi user system that causes two or more users to wait indefinitely for a locked resource. First user needs a resource locked by the second user and the second user needs a resource locked by the first...